Identifies and differentiates between Celiac disease and non-Celiac gluten sensitivity by evaluating titers of IgA and IgG for tissue deamidated gliadin peptide and gliadin.

Indications

Contributing/causal factors

• Down syndrome

• IgA deficiency

• Thyroiditis

• Type I diabetes

Overview

Celiac disease (CD) is caused - in genetically predisposed individuals - by abnormal intestinal permeability and abnormal immune response to gluten. The inflammatory autoimmune response damages the lining of the small bowel. Gluten sensitivity can cause similar symptoms but without the same level of tissue damage. This test helps differentiate between CD and gluten sensitivity by evaluating the serum titers of IgA and IgG for deamidated gliadin peptide, gliadin.

Deamidated Gliadin Peptide (DGP) IgA 

Deamidated Gliadin Peptide (DGP) IgG 

Gliadin (AGA) IgA

Gliadin (AGA) IgG

Practical

Specimen requirements:

Dried bloodspot sample (DBS). (Only requires a shallow finger prick).

Average processing time:

15 ±6 days

Research

• Ankelo, M; Kleimola, V; Simell, S; Simell, O; Knip, M et al. (2007) Comparative Usefulness of Deamidated Gliadin Antibodies in the Diagnosis of Celiac Disease Antibody responses to deamidated gliadin peptide show high specificity and parallel antibodies to tissue transglutaminase in developing celiac disease. Clinical and experimental immunology vol. 150 (2) p. 285-93.

• Fasano A. Surprises from celiac disease. Scientific Am. 2009;301:54-61.

• Mothes, Thomas. (2007) Deamidated gliadin peptides as targets for Celiac disease-specific antibodies. Advances in Clinical Chemistry vol.44 p. 44.

• Nelsen, Davis A. Jr., M.D., M.S., (2002) Gluten-Sensitive Enteropathy (Celiac Disease): More Common Than You Think. Am Fam Physician. 2002 Dec 15;66(12):2259-2266.

• Parizade, Miriam; Bujanover, Yoram; Weiss, Batya; Nachmias, Vered; Shainberg, Bracha (2009) Performance of serology assays for diagnosing celiac disease in a clinical setting. Clinical and vaccine immunology : CVI vol. 16 (11) p. 1576-82.

• Pietzak, Michelle (2012) Celiac Disease, Wheat Allergy, and Gluten Sensitivity: When Gluten Free Is Not a Fad. JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr vol. 36 (1_suppl) p. 68S-75S.

• Rubio-Tapia A, Hill ID, Kelly CP, et al. ACG clinical guidelines: diagnosis and management of celiac disease. Am J Gastroenterol. 2013;108(5):656-76.

• Sapone, Anna; Lammers, Karen; Casolaro, Vincenzo; Cammarota, Marcella; Giuliano, Maria et al. (2011) Divergence of gut permeability and mucosal immune gene expression in two gluten-associated conditions: celiac disease and gluten sensitivity. BMC Medicine vol. 9 (1) p. 23.

• Vermeersch, Pieter; Geboes, Karel; Mariën, Godelieve; Hoffman, Ilse; Hiele, Martin et al. (2010) Diagnostic performance of IgG anti-deamidated gliadin peptide antibody assays is comparable to IgA antitTG in celiac disease. Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry vol. 411 (13-14) p. 931- 5.

• Wang, Ning; Truedsson, Lennart; Elvin, Kerstin; Andersson, Bengt A; Rönnelid, Johan et al. (2014) Serological assessment for celiac disease in IgA deficient adults. PloS one vol. 9 (4) p. e93180.